Review Article

Heart Transplantation in Congenital Heart Disease: In Whom to Consider and When?

Table 1

Main reasons for heart transplantation in congenital heart disease.

(i) Primary heart transplantation (newborn HTx for HLHS or Ebstein’s anomaly)
(ii) Eisenmenger syndrome with simple CHD with left to right shunting (acyanotic)
(iii) Tetralogy of Fallot (repaired or palliated), and other complex CHD (cyanotic)
(iv) Univentricular heart with and without Fontan circulation
(v) Systemic right ventricle (CCTGA or TGA after atrial switch operation)

HTx: heart transplantation; HLHS: hypoplastic left heart syndrome; CHD: congenital heart disease; CCTGA: congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries; TGA: transposition of the great arteries.