Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Kidney Transplantation Is an Early Marker of Graft Dysfunction and Is Associated with One-Year Renal Function

Table 1

Summary of baseline and clinical characteristics in kidney transplant donors and recipients (total sample and categorized by delayed or prompt graft function).

	Total; (𝑛=40)	DGF; (𝑛=18)	Non-DGF (𝑛=22)	𝑃 value
Donor
Age (yr)	51.2±11.4	51.1±13.4	51.2±9.9	0.172
Male gender	26 (65)	14 (78)	12 (54.5)	0.125
Living donor	11 (27.5)	3 (16.7)	8 (36.4)	0.165
Expanded criteria donors	3 (7.5)	1 (5.6)	2 (9.1)	0.541
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.81 ± 0.18	0.85 ± 0.21	0.78 ± 0.16	0.318
Donor-recipient
HLA mismatches	3.39±1.24	3.38±1.07	3.41±1.46	0.941
Cold ischemia time (h)	12.1±7.9	15.2±7.8	9.6±7.3	0.035*
Living donor	2.8±0.5	2.5±0.5	3.0±0.5	0.204
Deceased donor	16.2±5.9	18.1±5.1	14.1±6.2	0.088
Recipient
Age (yr)	49.2±15.2	56.3±10.9	43.3±15.9	0.006*
Male gender	26 (65)	11 (61)	15 (68)	0.641
Caucasian	40 (100)	18 (100)	22 (100)	—
BMI (Kg/m^2)	24.8±4.9	26.2±4.4	23.6±5.0	0.091
Previous transplant	2 (5)	0 (0)	2 (9.1)
Time on dialysis (yr)	4.4±4.7	5.6±6.2	3.4±2.3	0.135
Pretransplant therapy
Dialysis	38 (95)	18 (100)	20 (90.9)	0.296
Preemptive transplantation	2 (5)	0 (0)	2 (9.1)
Cause of kidney disease
IgA nephropathy	7 (17.5)	2 (11.1)	5 (22.7)	—
Glomerulonephritis	6 (15.0)	4 (22.2)	2 (9.1)	—
Diabetic nephropathy	5 (12.5)	3 (16.7)	2 (9.1)	—
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease	3 (7.5)	3 (16.7)	0 (0)	—
Unknown	4 (10.0)	1 (5.6)	3 (13.6)	—
Others	15 (37.5)	5 (27.8)	10 (45.5)	—
Peak PRA (%)	5.5±15.1	5.0±15.0	5.9±15.5	0.853
0	29 (72.5)	14 (77.8)	15 (68.2)	—
1–25	8 (20.0)	3 (16.7)	5 (22.7)	—
26–75	3 (7.5)	1 (5.6)	2 (9.0)	—
Current PRA (%)	2.3±8.6	3.1±11.7	1.6±4.9	0.585
0	34 (85)	15 (83.3)	19 (86.4)	—
1–25	5 (12.5)	2 (11.1)	3 (13.6)	—
26–50	1 (2.5)	1 (5.6)	0 (0)	—
Induction regimen
Antithymocyte globulin (ATG-F)	4 (10)	1 (5.6)	3 (13.6)	0.613
Basiliximab/daclizumab	30 (75)	14 (77.8)	16 (72.7)	0.789
Immunosuppression at time of discharge
Steroids	38 (95.0)	18 (100)	20 (90.9)	0.296
Tacrolimus	38 (95.0)	17 (94.4)	21 (95.5)	0.886
Cyclosporine A	2 (0.05)	1 (5.6)	1 (5.6)	0.884

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or absolute numbers and percentages. Comparisons between continuous variables were done using parametric (𝑡-test) or nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) tests; associations between categorical variables were analyzed using the 𝜒² test and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate; ^∗𝑃<0.05.
Abbreviations: HLA: human leukocyte antigen; BMI: body mass index; PRA: panel reactive antibody.