Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): Clinical Findings and the Associated Inflammatory Response

Table 1

Clinical findings in 22 buffalo with TRP compared to 10 controls.

Variables	Control; (𝑛=10)	Diseased buffalo; (𝑛=22)
Heart rate (bpm)	65.78±2.63	78.00±2.90^∗
Respiratory rate (breath/min)	11.00±0.44	14.40±0.50^∗∗
Rectal temperature (°C)	38.50±0.18	39.26±0.22^∗∗∗
Weakness and poor performance	Absent (𝑛=10)	Present (𝑛=3), absent (𝑛=19)
Abdominal distention	Absent (𝑛=10)	Present (𝑛=2), absent (𝑛=20)
Appetite	Normal (𝑛=10)	Normal (𝑛=0); Inappetence (𝑛=15); Anorexia (𝑛=7)
Ruminal motility	Normal (𝑛=10)	Normal (𝑛=0); Hypomotile (𝑛=7); Ruminal stasis (𝑛=15)
Recurrent tympany	Absent (𝑛=10)	Present (𝑛=21), absent (𝑛=1)
Lacrimation	Absent (𝑛=10)	Present (𝑛=17), absent (𝑛=5)
Lordosis/bruxism	Absent (𝑛=10)	Present (𝑛=6), absent (𝑛=16)
Changes in milk yield	Absent (𝑛=10)	Sharp declined (𝑛=18)*

^∗𝑃<0.0066, ^∗∗𝑃<0.001, ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.049. The remaining four patients were dry cows in late gestation.