Sugar Mill Effluent Utilization in the Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Two Seasons
Table 4
Effects of sugar mill effluent concentration and season interaction on physicochemical characteristics of soil used in the cultivation of Z. mays in both seasons.
Season × %SME
TKN (mg kg−1)
(mg kg−1)
(mg kg−1)
Fe3+ (mg kg−1)
Zn2+ (mg kg−1)
Cd2+ (mg kg−1)
Cu2+ (mg kg−1)
Mn2+ (mg kg−1)
Cr3+ (mg kg−1)
Rainy
0
36.88
63.69
84.58
4.58
0.56
0.33
1.14
0.59
0.29
20
82.36**
98.47*
131.36*
8.86ns
2.96ns
1.22ns
4.40ns
3.05ns
0.29ns
40
174.33**
145.64*
156.78**
19.96*
4.30*
1.56*
6.68*
6.09ns
0.74*
60
295.29**
176.93**
186.68**
38.78*
6.87*
1.94*
9.36**
8.15ns
0.99*
80
358.75**
183.3**
254.36**
58.47**
8.96**
2.11**
12.36**
10.25**
1.58*
100
438.64*
248.75**
287.96**
75.68**
12.68**
3.66**
15.48**
13.69*
1.96**
Summer
0
37.45
64.24
84.88
4.60
0.57
0.34
1.16
0.62
0.32
20
86.49**
96.79*
139.69*
9.36ns
3.29ns
1.34ns
4.76ns
3.36ns
0.45ns
40
182.88**
143.85*
177.84**
23.25*
4.64*
1.78*
7.81*
6.84ns
0.84*
60
324.24**
184.25**
196.55**
45.63*
7.49*
2.06*
10.15**
9.63ns
1.86*
80
398.96**
193.8**
268.41**
67.75**
9.76**
2.36*
13.48**
12.44**
1.96*
100
460.88**
258.69**
294.68**
78.87**
14.12**
4.25*
16.78**
15.56*
2.36**
ns, , : nonsignificant or significant at ≤ 0.05 or ≤ 0.01, respectively, least squares means analysis; SME: sugar mill effluent.
