The Transcriptomics of Secondary Growth and Wood Formation in Conifers

Figure 3

Biosynthetic pathway of the monolignols (monomers of the S-, G- and H-lignin). Adapted from [40, 42]. Substrates of each enzymatic reaction are presented outside the arrows (at white or orange). Enzymes involved in each step are presented as acronyms. PAL phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H; cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; 4CL; 4-coumarate:CoA ligase; C3H; p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase; HCT; p-hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:quinate/shikimate p-hydroxycinnamoyl-transferase; CCoAOMT; CAFFEOYL-CoA O-methyltransferase; CCR; cinnamoyl-CoA reductase; F5H; ferulate 5-hydroxylase; COMT; caffeic acid O-methyltransferase; CAD; cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.