Proinflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression by  Murine Macrophages in Response to <i>Brugia malayi  Wolbachia</i> Surface Protein

Porksakorn, Chantima; Nuchprayoon, Surang; Park, Kiwon; Scott, Alan L.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/84318

Mediators of Inflammation

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Research Article | Open Access

Volume 2007 | Article ID 084318 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/84318

Proinflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression by Murine Macrophages in Response to Brugia malayi Wolbachia Surface Protein

Chantima Porksakorn,¹Surang Nuchprayoon,¹Kiwon Park,²and Alan L. Scott²

Received29 Nov 2006

Accepted26 Feb 2007

Published30 Apr 2007

Abstract

Wolbachia, an endosymbiotic bacterium found in most species of filarial parasites, is thought to play a significant role in inducing innate inflammatory responses in lymphatic filariasis patients. However, the Wolbachia-derived molecules that are recognized by the innate immune system have not yet been identified. In this study, we exposed the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 to a recombinant form of the major Wolbachia surface protein (rWSP) to determine if WSP is capable of innately inducing cytokine transcription. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mRNAs were all upregulated by the rWSP stimulation in a dose-dependant manner. TNF transcription peaked at 3 hours, whereas IL-1β and IL-6 transcription peaked at 6 hours post-rWSP exposure. The levels of innate cytokine expression induced by a high-dose (9.0 μg/mL) rWSP in the RAW 264.7 cells were comparable to the levels induced by 0.1 μg/mL E. coli-derived lipopolysaccharides. Pretreatment of the rWSP with proteinase-K drastically reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF transcription. However, the proinflammatory response was not inhibited by polymyxin B treatment. These results strongly suggest that the major Wolbachia surface protein molecule WSP is an important inducer of innate immune responses during filarial infections.

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Copyright © 2007 Chantima Porksakorn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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