Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response

Table 5

Mediators involved in envenomation.

Scorpion	Cytokines produced	References
Androctonus australis hector; Experimental animal (rats)	IL-1$\beta$, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-$\alpha$.	[87]
Buthus martensi Karch	NO and paw edema.	[88]
Centruroides noxius; Experimental animal (mice)	IL-1$\beta$, IL-1$\alpha$, IFN-γ IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-$\alpha$.	[76]
Leiurus quinquestriatus; Human and Experimental animal (rabbits)	IL-6, IL-8, NO, and TNF-$\alpha$.	[86, 89, 90]
Tityus serrulatus; Human and Experimental animal (rabbits)	IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, NO, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-1$\alpha$, IL-1$\beta$,IFN-γ, and GM-CSF.	[81–85, 91, 92]