Pathophysiological Changes to the Peritoneal Membrane during PD-Related Peritonitis: The Role of Mesothelial Cells

Table 1

Induction of peritoneal fibrosis.

Phases of peritoneal fibrosis	Events that occur in the peritoneum during each phase
Induction phase	Release of chemokines by mesothelial cells
	(i) Infiltration of mononuclear cells
	(ii) Release of profibrotic mediators
	(iii) Activation of resident cells (mesothelial cells and fibroblasts)
Fibrogenic phase	Increased synthesis and deposition of matrix
	Continued secretion of profibrogenic mediators by infiltrating cells
	Peritoneal destruction phase	Cessation of primary inflammatory stimulus
Secretion of profibrotic cytokines by mesothelial cells
Autocrine proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts
EMT
Submesothelial thickening
Vasculopathy