Diverse Roles of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis: From Inflammatory Biology to Biomarker Discovery

Figure 1

The roles of M1 and M2 macrophages. Ly6C high monocytes differentiate into M1 type, classically activated macrophages that affect proteolysis and produce antibacterial products. Ly6C low monocytes differentiate into M2 type, alternatively activated macrophages that are involved in wound repair and tissue remodelling. M1 and M2 cells secrete different cytokines that function in efferocytosis and the formation of foam cells.