TNF-α and IFN-s-Dependent Muscle Decay Is Linked to NF-𝜿B- and STAT-1α-Stimulated Atrogin1 and MuRF1 Genes in C2C12 Myotubes

Figure 2

Short- and long term effects of TNF-α, IFNα, IFNγ (10 ng/mL each), insulin (10 nM), and metabolic inhibitors (at concentrations indicated) given alone, as pretreatment or cotreatment (with +) in the 3rd day of myogenesis. Changes in the cytosolic IκB and nuclear NF-κB expression levels upon TNF-α and additional IFNα, or IFNγ pretreatment (a), NF-κB (b, d, e) and STAT-1α transcriptional activity (g), NF-κB/IκB cytosolic and nuclear protein expression levels upon TNF-α and additional insulin, IFNα or IFNγ pretreatments or co-treatments (with +) (c), and STAT-1α-P-Y⁷⁰¹ nuclear protein expression levels upon TNF-α, IFNα, or IFNγ treatment or additional insulin pretreatment and co-treatment (with +) (f). Actin was used as loading control. The results are indicative of three independent experiments.