Biphasic Modulation of NOS Expression, Protein and Nitrite Products by Hydroxocobalamin Underlies Its Protective Effect in Endotoxemic Shock: Downstream Regulation of COX-2, IL-1, TNF-, IL-6, and HMGB1 Expression
Figure 4
HOCbl selectively modulates NOS enzymes and inhibits COX-2, IL-1 mRNA, in lung and liver, at 4 h following LPS-induced endotoxaemia. Mice () were treated with HOCbl, at the low dose protocol (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) and compared to LPS only (0.1 mg/kg i.p. at time 0 h). Organs (lung and liver) were harvested at 4 h after LPS and gene expression was quantified in tissue extracts by real-time PCR, using GAPDH and RPL32 as internal standards. ((a), (b)) eNOS mRNA data; ((c), (d)) iNOS mRNA data; ((e), (f)) COX-2 mRNA data; ((g), (h)) IL-1 mRNA data. Values are a mean SEM of triplicate observations. versus vehicle (PBS-treated) control; versus LPS-only group.
