Role of TGF-β Pathway Polymorphisms in Sporadic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: rs900 TGF-β2 Is a Marker of Differential Gender Susceptibility

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of TAA patients and control subjects.

Variables	AAT patients	Control patients	𝑃	Control patients	𝑃
Demographic characteristics	𝑁=144	𝑁=90		𝑁=168
Age, mean (SD)	63.0 (10.7)	61.1 (5.8)	0.834	45.2 (7.4)	<0.0001
Males, number (%)	107 (74.3)	56 (62.2)	0.060	112 (66.7)	0.172
Body mass index, mean (SD)	27.0 (4.3)	26.9 (2.9)	0.898	25.8 (8.7)	0.133
TAA size and location
Size (mm), mean (SD)	53.3 (8)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Location, number (%)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Ascending aorta	72 (50.0)
Aortic bulb	16 (11.1)
Ascending aorta and aortic bulb	56 (38.9)
Medical history number (%)
Aortic aneurysm familiarity	8 (5.6)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Cardiovascular ischemic familiarity	53 (36.8)	24 (26.7)	0.089	0 (0)
Smoking	65 (45.1)	46 (51.1)	0.420	67 (39.9)	0.360
Hypertension	114 (79.1)	28 (31.1)	<0.001	0 (0)
Dislipidemy	33 (22.9)	14 (15.6)	0.158	0 (0)
Diabetes mellitus	22 (15.3)	12 (13.3)	0.677	0 (0)
Renal failure	4 (2.8)	0 (0)	0.168	0 (0)
Dissection	16 (11.1)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Aortic valve pathology, number (%)
Normal	81 (56.2)	90 (100)		168 (100)
Prolapse	19 (13.2)	0 (0)
Vascular calcium fibrosis	45 (31.3)	0 (0)
Aortic valve dysfunction, number (%)
Normal	29 (20.1)	90 (100)		168 (100)
Faint incontinence	26 (18.0)	0 (0)
Moderate incontinence	30 (20.8)	0 (0)
Severe incontinence	40 (27.1)	0 (0)
Faint stenosis	1 (0.7)	0 (0)
Moderate stenosis	2 (1.4)	0 (0)
Severe stenosis	16 (11.1)	0 (0)
Atherosclerosis coronary syndrome number (%)	49 (34.0)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Drugs, number(%)
None				168 (100)
Beta-blockers	56 (38.9)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Central-adrenergic agonists	23 (16.0)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Sartans	29 (20.1)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Calcium-channel blockers	42 (29.2)	0 (0)		0 (0)
ACE inhibitors	59 (41.0)	14 (15.6)		0 (0)
Antidiabetic drugs	17 (11.8)	12 (13.3)		0 (0)
Antiaggregant drugs	46 (31.9)	28 (31.1)		0 (0)
Antidyslipidemic drugs	32 (22.2)	0 (0)		0 (0)
Diuretics	32 (22.2)	28 (31.1)		0 (0)