Lancemaside A from Codonopsis lanceolata Modulates the Inflammatory Responses Mediated by Monocytes and Macrophages
Figure 5
Effects of lancemaside A on RAW264.7 and U937 cell adhesion. (a) Effect of lancemaside A on the plastic adherence of RAW264.7 cells was analyzed using a wound healing assay. After scratching and washing the cells, lancemaside A was added for 30 min. The extent of detachment was determined by counting the free cells in the circle containing the wound area. Images of the cells were obtained using an inverted phase contrast microscope that was interfaced with a video camera and NIH image software. (b) U937 cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) that were pretreated with lancemaside A were incubated in the presence or absence of the aggregation-inducing anti-CD29 antibody (0.25 μg/mL) for 3 h. Images of the cells in culture were obtained using an inverted phase contrast microscope that was attached to a video camera. Quantitative evaluation of the U937 cell-cell clusters was performed by counting the cells in each cluster. (c) Effect of lancemaside A on cell-fibronectin (FN) adhesion. U937 cells were pretreated with lancemaside A and seeded on FN (50 μg/mL) coated plates for 4 h. The number of attached cells was determined by crystal violet staining. (d) The level of ICAM-1 in TNF--treated U937 cells was examined by immunoblotting analysis of whole cell lysates. (e) The viability of RAW264.7 cells treated with lancemaside A was determined by MTT assay. and versus normal or control.
