PMA Induces Vaccine Adjuvant Activity by the Modulation of TLR Signaling Pathway
Figure 1
Croton tiglium and its chloroform fraction induced NF-B transcription in TLR5-independent manner and increased the FlaB activity. (a) 90% EtOH extract of Croton tiglium increased FlaB-mediated transcription. HEK293T cells transiently transfected with pNF-B-SEAP and phTLR5 were treated with FlaB and 90% EtOH extract of Croton tiglium for 1 day. SEAP activities were determined in the cell culture supernatants using QUANTI-Blue. 90% EtOH extract of Croton tiglium induced NF-B transcription in TLR5-independent manner and increased the FlaB activity. (b) The chloroform fraction of Croton tiglium increased NF-B transcription. The chloroform fraction of Croton tiglium increased significantly NF-B transcription in HEK293T cells transiently transfected with pNF-B-SEAP and phTLR5 regardless of TLR5. The data indicate the mean and SEM from three experiments (∗, ∗∗, ∗∗∗).
