Long-Term Home Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation Increases Systemic Inflammatory Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Table 2
Blood and sputum biomarkers concentrations.
Long-term oxygen therapy
Noninvasive ventilation
P value
Before matching
Sputum
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
34.5 (33.0–35.3)
34.0 (32.3–36.0)
0.787
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
40.0 (19.0–51.5)
41.9 (18.0–68.5)
0.275
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
14.0 (6.0–24.0)
5.0 (4.0–20.0)
0.092
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
32.0 (22.0–110.0)
49.0 (30.0–99.0)
0.412
Blood
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
3.3 (1.1–9.8)
10.8 (7.9–11.7)
<0.001
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
3.7 (2.9–6.0)
8.2 (6.1–10.9)
<0.001
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
7.0 (5.4–8.0)
3.2 (0.8–6.7)
<0.001
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
7.0 (3.0–9.0)
8.0 (5.0–10.0)
0.122
Sputum/blood ratio
Human neutrophil peptides
10.5 (3.7–35.1)
3.3 (2.9–5.2)
<0.001
Interleukin-6
7.0 (4.6–14.4)
3.9 (2.0–8.2)
0.010
Interleukin-10
2.6 (1.0–3.8)
3.5 (0.9–6.6)
<0.001
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
7.8 (3.7–14.0)
8.0 (3.8–15.0)
0.803
After matching
Sputum
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
34.0 (33.0–35.6)
33.6 (31.5–36.0)
0.563
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
42.5 (28.3–52.3)
40.9 (16.0–65.5)
0.734
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
14.0 (3.8–24.3)
5.5 (3.0–23.5)
0.347
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
29.0 (20.0–72.5)
47.0 (27.0–105.0)
0.068
Blood
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
3.2 (0.9–10.5)
10.9 (7.2–11.7)
0.003
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
3.5 (2.9–6.1)
8.7 (6.3–18.3)
<0.001
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
6.5 (5.0–8.0)
1.0 (0.7–6.0)
<0.001
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
6.5 (4.5–8.3)
8.0 (4.6–11.8)
0.216
Sputum/blood ratio
Human neutrophil peptides
11.0 (3.5–41.0)
3.2 (2.9–5.7)
0.002
Interleukin-6
8.5 (5.0–16.1)
3.9 (1.5–8.4)
0.004
Interleukin-10
2.6 (1.1–4.0)
4.2 (1.4–8.8)
0.042
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
4.9 (2.5–13.4)
8.5 (3.6–15.2)
0.344
reported as median (1st–3rd quartile) or (%) and compared with Mann-Whitney test, chi-squared test, or Fisher exact test.
