Long-Term Home Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation Increases Systemic Inflammatory Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Table 4
Blood and sputum biomarkers concentrations according to pH.
Long-term oxygen therapy
Noninvasive ventilation
P value
pH < 7.35
Sputum
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
33.2 (30.8–35.3)
33.0 (30.0–36.0)
0.952
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
40.0 (19.8–56.0)
50.0 (23.0–75.5)
0.311
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
11.0 (5.3–18.0)
5.0 (4.0–24.0)
0.499
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
56.0 (26.5–113.8)
45.0 (22.0–115.0)
0.858
Blood
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
2.3 (1.1–9.6)
11.0 (5.4–11.5)
0.040
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
4.7 (2.9–6.9)
7.0 (4.0–18.4)
0.049
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
7.0 (5.9–8.5)
1.0 (0.7–6.0)
0.001
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
6.5 (4.8–8.3)
8.0 (3.4–10.0)
0.617
Sputum/blood ratio
HNP
16.8 (3.6–39.3)
3.1 (2.8–10.6)
0.032
Interleukin-6
7.9 (5.0–13.6)
7.5 (2.7–11.9)
0.475
Interleukin-10
1.7 (0.8–2.9)
4.1 (0.9–9.0)
0.068
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
9.5 (3.6–16.0)
8.5 (2.9–17.5)
0.953
pH ≥ 7.35
Sputum
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
34.5 (33.0–35.4)
34.0 (33.0–37.2)
0.677
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
40.0 (16.0–50.0)
35.0 (16.0–58.0)
0.592
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
14.0 (6.0–25.0)
5.0 (4.0–18.0)
0.113
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
30.0 (20.0–110.0)
50.0 (31.0–96.0)
0.207
Blood
Human neutrophil peptides (g/mL)
3.5 (1.0–10.5)
9.4 (7.8–11.8)
0.002
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)
3.5 (2.9–6.0)
8.4 (6.3–10.6)
<0.001
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)
7.0 (1.0–8.0)
3.6 (0.9–7.0)
0.097
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL)
7.0 (2.0–10.0)
8.0 (5.4–14.8)
0.095
Sputum/blood ratio
HNP
9.4 (3.5–35.1)
3.7 (2.9–5.4)
0.002
Interleukin-6
6.7 (3.8–15.0)
3.3 (1.8–7.5)
0.010
Interleukin-10
3.0 (1.1–4.4)
3.3 (0.8–5.0)
0.751
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
7.8 (3.7–14.0)
6.1 (3.9–12.5)
0.683
reported as median (1st–3rd quartile) or (%) and compared with Mann-Whitney -test, chi-squared test, or Fisher’s exact test.
