Regulatory T Cells Protect Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Figure 4

Tregs downregulate the protein expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines in PM-exposed HUVECs. The ELISA assay was used to detect the concentration of sVCAM-1 (a), sICAM-1 (b), IL-6 (c), and IL-8 (d) in the supernatants from different groups of HUVECs. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. ∗ indicates no T, CD4⁺CD25⁻, or CD4⁺CD25⁺ versus control; # indicates no T or CD4⁺CD25⁻ versus CD4⁺CD25⁺. ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, ^#𝑃<0.05, and ^##𝑃<0.01. Experiments were repeated 5 times.

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