Research Article

The Impact of ATRA on Shaping Human Myeloid Cell Responses to Epithelial Cell-Derived Stimuli and on T-Lymphocyte Polarization

Figure 5

The effect of gut epithelial cell-mediated myeloid cell stimulation on the activation and polarization of T-lymphocytes. To assess the effects of stimulated myeloid cells on effector T-cell polarization, the supernatants of activated Caco2 cells were added to myeloid cells differentiated by GM-CSF+IL-4, GM-CSF, or M-CSF for 3 days and the washed cells were cocultured in fresh medium with autologous CD4+ T-lymphocytes for another 2 days. The activation and polarization of CD4+ T-cells c-incubated with myeloid cells generated by GM-CSF+IL-4 (a), GM-CSF (b), or M-CSF (c) was detected by the IL-17 ELISPOT assay. In the figure legends, C stands for unstimulated myeloid cells coincubated with CD4+ T cells, EC-C for monocyte-derived cells “educated” by resting Caco2 cell supernatant followed by coincubation with CD4+ T cells, and EC-IL-1β, EC-TNF-α, EC-ATRA, and EC-DMSO correspond to cultures containing monocyte-derived cells “educated” with the supernatants of Caco2 cells pretreated with IL-1β or TNF-α in the presence or absence of ATRA, or with DMSO used as solvent control, followed by coincubation with CD4+ T cells. . Mean ± SD of the number of IL-17 secreting cells measured in 4 independent experiments is shown.
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