Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Downregulates the Expression of Protumor Factors Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in a GM-CSF Receptor-Independent Manner in Cervical Cancer Cells

Table 1

Expression of GM-CSF, COX-2, and iNOS proteins in normal cervical, CIN, and cervical cancer tissues.

Tissue	iNOS			COX-2			GM-CSF			Total; samples
	Strong/; moderate	Weak/; negative	Positive; rate, %	Strong/; moderate	Weak/; negative	Positive; rate, %	Strong/; moderate	Weak/; negative	Positive; rate, %
Normal cervical	0	16	0.0	0	16	0.0	13	3	81.3	16
CIN	14	10	58.3	13	11	54.2	18	6	75.0	24
Cervical cancer	46	41	52.9	49	38	56.3	44	43	50.6	87

, cervical cancer versus normal cervical tissues. The values were calculated with chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests.