Research Article

Sex Hormones Enhance Gingival Inflammation without Affecting IL-1β and TNF-α in Periodontally Healthy Women during Pregnancy

Table 5

Serum estradiol and progesterone in pregnant group and nonpregnant group ().

GroupEstradiol (pg/mL)Progesterone (ng/mL)

Pr group ()
 First trimester24609.67 ± 18176.3276.10 ± 30.59
 Second trimester62142.00 ± 23346.25123.84 ± 37.36
 Third trimester81307.00 ± 32481.23210.16 ± 92.27
N-Pr group ()
 First month1438 ± 413.401818.85 ± 9.95
 Second month1470 ± 369.323720.47 ± 12.60
73.8764.23
<0.0001<0.0001

Pr group: pregnancy group; N-Pr group: nonpregnancy group. Different letters represent significant difference.