CRP and SAA1 Haplotypes Are Associated with Both C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A Levels: Role of Suppression Effects

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the studied subjects.

	Total	Men	Women	value
Number	599	315	284
Age (years)	46.1 ± 10.0	45.5 ± 10.0	46.8 ± 9.9	0.125
Systolic BP (mmHg)	113.1 ± 16.2	114.1 ± 14.4	112.0 ± 17.9	0.127
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	75.0 ± 10.0	76.9 ± 9.7	73.1 ± 9.9	<0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	199.0 ± 36.4	201.3 ± 36.9	196.5 ± 35.8	0.108
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	55.3 ± 14.3	49.8 ± 12.0	61.3 ± 14.2	<0.001
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	116.2 ± 32.9	118.8 ± 33.9	113.3 ± 31.5	0.041
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	142.9 ± 119.5	173.4 ± 148.6	109.5 ± 60.6	<0.001
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	24.3 ± 3.4	25.0 ± 3.1	23.6 ± 3.6	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus (%)	5.0	5.7	4.2	0.404
Current smokers (%)	19.5	33.7	3.9	<0.001
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	96.4 ± 22.6	99.1 ± 26.0	93.5 ± 17.7	0.003
Fasting serum insulin (U/mL)	9.2 ± 4.8	9.8 ± 5.6	8.5 ± 3.7	0.001
HOMA-IR index	2.2 ± 1.4	2.4 ± 1.6	2.0 ± 1.1	<0.001
QUICKI	0.35 ± 0.02	0.34 ± 0.03	0.35 ± 0.02	<0.001
Adiponectin (mg/L)	7.2 ± 5.2	5.5 ± 4.0	9.1 ± 5.7	<0.001
Resistin (ng/mL)	18.5 ± 14.4	17.7 ± 12.0	19.4 ± 16.5	0.137
Lipocalin-2 (ng/mL)	79.9 ± 52.1	83.1 ± 59.8	76.5 ± 42.0	0.104
CRP (mg/L)	1.1 ± 1.4	1.1 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.4	0.186
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)	262.6 ± 68.3	260.3 ± 70.3	265.1 ± 66.1	0.389
sE-selectin (ng/mL)	53.2 ± 25.2	59.8 ± 26.0	45.8 ± 22.0	<0.001
sP-selectin (ng/mL)	138.4 ± 115.4	152.9 ± 131.1	122.4 ± 92.8	0.001
SAA (mg/L)	5.3 ± 11.1	5.9 ± 13.3	4.7 ± 8.0	0.403
sICAM1 (ng/mL)	240.0 ± 110.9	241.7 ± 108.9	238.1 ± 113.2	0.730
sVCAM1 (ng/mL)	491.0 ± 132.8	493.9 ± 150.0	487.7 ± 110.9	0.706
MMP1 (pg/mL)	470.1 ± 1163.3	339.5 ± 550.5	614.0 ± 1573.7	0.689
MMP2 (ng/mL)	127.1 ± 40.8	124.0 ± 41.2	130.5 ± 40.1	0.053
MMP-9 (ng/mL)	142.0 ± 111.4	152.9 ± 114.9	129.8 ± 106.2	0.012
MCP1 (pg/mL)	73.4 ± 58.7	78.7 ± 66.7	67.5 ± 48.0	0.006
sTNFRII (pg/mL)	3262.4 ± 932.4	3322.7 ± 978.8	3195.9 ± 875.3	0.093
IL6 (pg/mL)	3.95 ± 7.28	4.00 ± 8.28	3.90 ± 5.98	0.127
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.0 ± 0.5	1.1 ± 0.5	0.8 ± 0.4	<0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	83.9 ± 20.6	86.7 ± 20.8	80.63 ± 19.8	0.001

BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; CRP, C-reactive protein; SAA, serum amyloid A; sE-selectin, soluble E-selectin; sP-selectin, soluble P-selectin; sICAM1, soluble intercellular adhesive molecule 1; sVCAM1, soluble vascular cell adhesive molecule 1; MMP-1, matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1; sTNFR2, soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor 2; IL6, interleukin-6; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, SAA, sICAM1, sVCAM1, sE-selectin, sP-selectin, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, YKL-40, MCP-1, and sTNFRII values were logarithmically transformed before statistical testing to meet the assumption of normal distributions; however, the untransformed data are shown. BP levels and lipid variables were analyzed with the exclusion of subjects using antihypertensive drugs and/or lipid-lowering agents, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin, QUICKI, and HOMA-IR index were analyzed with the exclusion of antidiabetic medications.