Far beyond Phagocytosis: Phagocyte-Derived Extracellular Traps Act Efficiently against Protozoan Parasites In Vitro and In Vivo

Table 1

List of apicomplexan and euglenozoan protozoa capable of inducing ETosis, host species, professional phagocytes triggering ETs, and molecular mechanisms involved in this cell death process.

Parasites	Host species	Professional phagocytes	ETosis dependency	References
Eimeria bovis	Bovine	PMN	NOX; NE; MPO; CD11b; ERK 1/2; p38 MAPK; SOCE	Muñoz-Caro et al. [23]
Eimeria arloingi	Caprine	PMN	NOX	Silva et al. [24]
Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae	Caprine	PMN	NOX	Pérez et al. (submitted manuscript)
		Monocytes	NOX	Pérez et al. (submitted manuscript)
Toxoplasma gondii	Mouse	PMN	ERK 1/2	Abi Abdallah et al. [25]
	Harbour seal	PMN	NOX; NE; MPO; SOCE	Reichel et al. [26]
Besnoitia besnoiti	Bovine	PMN	NOX; NE; MPO	Muñoz-Caro et al. [27]
	Bovine	Monocytes	NOX; MPO	Muñoz-Caro et al. [28]
Neospora caninum	Bovine	PMN	NOX; NE; MPO; ERK 1/2; p38 MAPK; SOCE; P2Y2; PAD4	Villagra-Blanco et al. (submitted manuscript)
Cryptosporidium parvum	Bovine	PMN	NOX; NE; MPO; ERK 1/2; p38 MAPK; SOCE	Muñoz-Caro et al. [14]
Leishmania spp.	Human	PMN	NOX; NE; PAD4	Rochael et al. [29]
Trypanosoma cruzi	Human	PMN	NOX; TLR2; TLR4	Sousa-Rocha et al. [30]