Extra-Articular Symptoms in Constellation with Selected Serum Cytokines and Disease Activity in Spondyloarthritis
Table 3
Comparison of serum levels of selected cytokines and markers of disease activity in spondyloarthritis patients with and without skin psoriasis, psoriatic onycholysis, and palmoplantar pustulosis.
Psoriasis present
Psoriasis absent
Psoriatic onycholysis present
Psoriatic onycholysis absent
PPP present
PPP absent
Age (years)
0.001
0.1
0.03
Disease duration (years)
4.0 (2.0, 8.0)
6.0 (2.0, 11.0)
0.004
4.0 (2.0, 7.0)
6.5 (2.0, 12.0)
0.009
2.0 (1.0, 5.0)
6.0 (3.0, 11.0)
0.00009
HLA-B27
22
71
0.00004
28
70
0.0004
23
68
0.0008
VAS pain (mm)
0.001
0.006
0.3
BASDAI
0.00007
0.00001
0.04
ASDAS-ESR
1.8 (1.6, 2.1)
2.5 (1.9, 3.2)
0.006
1.9 (1.6, 2.4)
2.5 (1.8, 3.2)
0.06
—
—
—
DAS28
4.25 (3.8, 4.5)
4.05 (3.0, 6.9)
0.3
4.24 (3.8, 4.5)
4.28 (3.7, 4.8)
0.3
—
—
—
CRP (mg/L)
4.1 (1.6, 9.4)
6.35 (2.4, 13.3)
0.07
3.8 (1.6, 9.6)
6.1 (2.1, 13.5)
0.02
4.5 (1.1, 12.4)
5.6 (2.4, 12.0)
0.4
ESR (mm/h)
13.0 (6.0, 22.0)
14.0 (6.0, 28.0)
0.2
13.0 (7.0, 22.0)
14.0 (6.0, 27.0)
0.2
21.0 (10.5, 36.0)
13.0 (6.0, 24.0)
0.004
IL-6 (pg/mL)
2.5 (1.4, 6.2)
3.6 (1.7, 7.9)
0.4
3.4 (1.4, 6.5)
3.3 (1.6, 6.7)
0.2
2.4 (1.0, 6.6)
3.4 (1.5, 6.7)
0.2
IL-18 (pg/mL)
290.1 (225.4, 373.9)
259.7 (205.3, 372.3)
0.3
286.0 (225.4, 408.9)
264.9 (202.9, 370.0)
0.4
265.0 (193.3, 377.9)
278.2 (213.6, 373.1)
0.4
IL-23(pg/mL)
0.0 (0.0, 0.9)
0.0 (0.0, 2.5)
0.3
0.0 (0.0, 0.9)
0.0 (0.0, 2.5)
0.04
0.0 (0.0, 0.3)
0.0 (0.0, 2.5)
0.2
VEGF (pg/mL)
343.5 (211.7, 680.0)
348.9 (229.6, 500.0)
0.5
289.6 (205.7, 759.7)
347.8 (260.0, 500.0)
0.5
333.1 (235.3, 390.0)
348.9.3 (225.9, 612.1)
0.1
EGF (pg/mL)
130.0 (74.0, 196)
95.0 (68.0, 160.0)
0.1
120.0 (74.0, 196.0)
103.0 (66.0, 164.0)
0.23
104.0 (58.0, 168)
107.0 (68.0, 182.0)
0.4
ET-1 (pg/mL)
0.5
0.5
0.001
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (Q1 and Q3). AAU: acute anterior uveitis, ASDAS-ESR: Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, BASDAI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, CRP: C-reactive protein, DAS28: Disease Activity Score 28, EGF: epidermal growth factor, ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ET-1: endothelin-1, IBD: inflammatory bowel disease, IL-6: interleukin-6, IL-18: interleukin-18, IL-23: interleukin-23, PPP: palmoplantar pustulosis, VAS pain: visual analogue scale of patient’s pain, and VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.
