Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Inhibits LPS-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via Binding to Xanthine Oxidase in Mouse RAW264.7 Macrophages

Figure 3

HSYA inhibits XO activity both out of cells and in cells. (a) HSYA at various concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, and 1280 μM) was incubated with active XO at 37°C for 30 min. Mixed solutions were then added into reaction system and the reads were measured by fluorescence detection. The rate was calculated as the ratio of certain concentration/negative control (0 μM HSYA). (b) RAW264.7 macrophages were pretreated by HSYA (25, 50, and 100 μM) and Febuxostat (30 μM) for 3 h and then challenged by 1 μg/mL LPS for another 12 h. The activity of XO from cell extract was measured by fluorescence detection. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments and differences between mean values were assessed by one-way ANOVA. and indicate significant difference compared with the control group.

(a)

(b)