Review Article

Anti-Inflammation of Natural Components from Medicinal Plants at Low Concentrations in Brain via Inhibiting Neutrophil Infiltration after Stroke

Figure 1

The process of neutrophil infiltration into the cerebral parenchyma. Injured brain cells release DAMPs and cytokines within lesion area and into the vessel lumen. Subsequently, CAMs on the surface of endothelium and neutrophils are induced, participating in the series steps of neutrophil rolling, adhesion, and transmigration. ICAM-1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1; PSGL-1, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1; MAC-1, macrophage adhesion molecule 1; CCL, monocyte chemoattractant protein; CXCL, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ILR, interleukin receptor; TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor; CCLR, monocyte chemoattractant protein receptor; CXCR, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor; DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns.