High Levels of Hemoglobin Promote Carotid Adventitial Vasa Vasorum Neoangiogenesis in Chronic Kidney Disease
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study populations.
Control ()
CKD 3-4 ()
CKD 5D ()
overall
(C versus CKD 3-4)
(C versus 5D)
(CKD 3-4 versus 5D)
Age (years)
49
59.5
60.0
<0.001
0.001
<0.001
0.214
Sex
Man
30 (46.2%)
27 (61.4%)
16 (43.2%)
0.189#
Women
35 (53.8%)
17 (38.6%)
21 (56.8%)
BMI (Kg/m2)
24.8
27.8
25.9
0.010
0.013
0.130
0.151
WC (cm)
88.6 ± 9.29
97.3 ± 12.4
94.8 ± 10.0
<0.001
<0.001
0.017
0.533
Glucose (mg/dL)
91.0
100
93.0
0.009
0.004
0.928
0.088
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
183
181
172
0.353#
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
54.0
50.0
48.0
0.087#
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
111 ± 23.90
109 ± 28.9
95.3 ± 30.8
0.022
0.875
0.018
0.095
TG (mg/dL)
58
128
108
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.857
SBP (mmHg)
121
143
140
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.665
DBP (mmHg)
74.7 ± 7.95
83.3 ± 10.6
78.1 ± 12.6
<0.001
<0.001
0.254
0.061
CRP (mg/L)
0.82
1.38
4.13
<0.001
0.099
<0.001
0.001
25D (ng/mL)
25.7
28.1
12.7
<0.001
0.556
<0.001
<0.001
VEGF (pg/mL)
233
398
373
0.002
0.004
0.013
0.595
Identified variables with normal distribution. Values of these variables are described with mean ± standard deviation. For variables with significant deviations from normal distribution, values are provided as median [IQR]. Adjusted values in multiple comparisons are not performed for variables with nonsignificant differences according to the overall test ( overall). BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; TG: triglycerides; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; CRP: C-reactive protein; 25D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.
