Effect of IRAK-M on Airway Inflammation Induced by Cigarette Smoking

Figure 1

Increased airway inflammation in IRAK-M KO mice after 3-day CS exposure followed by LPS challenge. (a)–(d) The total inflammatory cells and differential populations recovered from BAL fluid. (e) Representative photomicrographs of hematoxylin & eosin-stained lung tissues showing that LPS/short-term CS-insulted IRAK-M^−/− mice exhibited the typical pathological characteristics of airway inflammation evidenced by thickened airway epithelium and more inflammatory cells in the peribronchial area and around vessels compared with the similarly treated WT mice. (f) Semiquantative scorings of histopathologic changes. (g) IRAK-M KO mice showed marginally increased airway resistance compared with WT mice after combined exposure to short-term CS and LPS. Results are expressed as means ± SEM, animals per group, ,

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)