Wound Healing and Omega-6 Fatty Acids: From Inflammation to Repair

Table 2

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).

Fatty acid	Condition	Study model	Treatment time	Dose/concentration	Molecules associated	Effect in tissue repair	Reference
CLA	Wound healing	Healthy mice	2 weeks	0.5 or 1% of CLA (diet)	Increased CuZnSOD, and MnSOD and reduced pIkBα, COX-2, HO-1, and MDA	Increased the antioxidant defences and reduced the wound area (1%)	[76]
	Hairless skin	Mice	6 hours	0.25 or 1 mg (topical application)	Reduced NF-κB, COX-2, IKKα/β, MAPK, and Akt	Antitumor (1 mg)	[78]
	Inflammatory diseases	Bovine PBMC	24 hours	100 μM (in vitro)	Decreased TNF-α	Additional studies are needed	[80]
	Inflammatory diseases	Blood phagocytes isolated from dogs	24 hours	10 μM (in vitro)	Increased TNF-α	Increased oxidative burst activity and phagocytic capacity	[81]

CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD); Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD); cicloxigenase-2 (COX-2); malondialdehyde (MDA); nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB); IκB kinase (IKKα/β); mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); protein kinase B (Akt); tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α); peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); not analysed (NA).