Mediators of Inflammation

Review Article

Contribution of Neurons and Glial Cells to Complement-Mediated Synapse Removal during Development, Aging and in Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 3

Cellular localization of complement components in Alzheimer’s disease.


Cell type	Localization	Experimental model	Method	Ref.

C1q
Neuron	Cellular	Human tissue	IHC, in situ hybridization	[88]
Neuron	Synaptic puncta	In vivo: J20 mice	IF	[8]
Microglia	—	In vivo: J20 mice	IF	[8]
Astrocyte	Cellular	In vitro: human primary culture In vivo: 5xFAD mice	ELISA, IF	[84, 89]
Astrocyte	Exosomes	Human plasma samples	Immunoassay	[34]
C3
Neuron	Synaptic puncta	In vivo: J20 mice	IF	[8]
Microglia	—	In vitro: mice primary culture In vivo: APPswe/PS1dE9 mice	qPCR, IP, in situ hybridization	[35, 37]
Astrocyte	—	In vitro: mice primary culture In vivo: APP/TTA, APPswe/PS1dE9 mice	qPCR, in situ hybridization, IC	[30, 37]
	Cellular	In vivo: APP mice	IF	[124]
	—	Human tissue	qPCR, in situ hybridization	[14]
	Exosomes	Human plasma	Immunoassay	[34]
CR3
Microglia	Cellular	In vitro: mice primary culture, BV2 cell line In vivo: J20 mice	IF, WB	[8, 91]
C3aR
Neuron	—	In vitro: mice primary culture In vivo: APP/TTA mice	IF	[118]
Microglia	—	In vitro: mice primary culture In vivo: APPswe/PS1dE9 mice	qPCR, in situ hybridization	[37]

qRT-PCR: semiquantitative PCR; ICC: immunocytochemistry; IHC: immunohistochemistry; WB: Western blot; IF: immunofluorescence; FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting; IP: immunoprecipitation.