Research Article
A Snake Venom-Secreted Phospholipase A2 Induces Foam Cell Formation Depending on the Activation of Factors Involved in Lipid Homeostasis
Figure 3
MT-III induces 15-d-PGJ2 production dependent on COX-1 and COX-2. PPAR-γ and PPAR-β/δ are activated by MT-III. (a) Quantification of 15-d-PGJ2 in macrophage culture supernatants by specific EIA. compared with control group; + as compared with MT-III-stimulated cells for 1 h. (b) Macrophages were pretreated with COX-1 (valeryl salicylate (VS)), 10 μM, or COX-2 (lumiracoxib (LU)) 10 μM inhibitors for 1 h before stimulation with MT-III (0.4 μM) for 6 h, and 15-d-PGJ2 production was quantified by ELISA. compared with control group; compared with MT-III- stimulated cells. (c, d) Macrophages incubated with RPMI (control) or MT-III (0.4 μM) for 3 or 12 h were labelled with anti-PPAR-γ (b) or PPAR-β/δ (d) conjugated to Alexa 488 (green). Nuclei were stained with iodide propidium. The pictures are representative of three independent experiments.
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