Sepsis Induces a Dysregulated Neutrophil Phenotype That Is Associated with Increased Mortality
Table 1
Characteristics of healthy controls and patients with sepsis and severe sepsis enrolled in the study.
Healthy controls
Sepsis
Severe sepsis
Septic shock
value
N
21
39
60
13
Age
70
75
73
71
0.519
(66–77)
(65–85)
(60–84)
(48–74)
Sex, male (%)
13 (61.9)
20 (51.3)
41 (68.3)
10 (76.9)
0.070#
No. of comorbidities
0
15
10
9
3
<0.001Φ
1
6
17
21
5
2
0
7
19
3
3+
0
5
11
2
Comorbidities§, n
None
15 (71)
10 (26)
9 (15)
3 (23)
0.076Φ
Hypertension
6 (29)
18 (46)
37 (62)
4 (31)
IHD
0 (0)
10 (26)
15 (25)
2 (15)
Asthma
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (8)
COPD
0 (0)
14 (36)
21 (35)
0 (0)
Chronic renal disease
0 (0)
0 (0)
3 (5)
0 (0)
Diabetes
0 (0)
3 (8)
17 (28)
4 (31)
Medications§, n
None
15
15
10
3
<0.001Φ
Antihypertensive
6
6
28
2
Beta-blocker
1
8
16
3
Antiplatelet
0
13
16
2
Oral hypoglycemic
0
3
11
2
Insulin
0
0
6
4
Inhaled beta-agonist
0
6
16
0
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
0
8
20
3
APACHE II
N/A
14.5 (9–16)
16 (14–19)
19 (14–23)
<0.001
ICU Admission, N
N/A
0 (0%)
14 (23.3%)
13 (100%)
N/A
Vasopressors alone
2
2
Respiratory support
4
3
Multiorgan support
8
8
WCC (109/l)
14.8 (12.3–19.0)
15.1 (12.6–19.8)
20.4 (10.2–26.3)
0.634
CRP (mg/l)
153 (54.5–247)
100 (23.7–264)
132 (95–291)
0.232
Lactate (nM)
N/A
1.7 (1.1–2.1)
2.5 (2.0–3.4)
2.6 (1.3–4.1)
<0.001
SBE
N/A
0.2 (−1.2 to 2.6)
−2.2 (−5.6 to 0.5)
−4.0 (−7.2 to −2.2)
0.001
SOFA score
N/A
1 (0-1)
3 (1–6)
9 (6–12)
<0.001
Length of stay, days
N/A
10 (6–19)
10 (6.3–19.8)
21.5 (10–67)
0.505
Mortality, n (%)
30-day
0
4 (10)
12 (20)
7 (53)
0.265#
90-day
0
7 (18)
17 (28)
8 (62)
0.337#
360-day
0
11 (28)
22 (37)
8 (62)
0.513#
The baseline characteristics of healthy participants and patients recruited. The septic shock cohort is a subset of the patients with severe sepsis. The values have been calculated using healthy, sepsis, and severe sepsis participant cohorts where appropriate. values represented by are from a Kruskal-Wallis test, # from a Fisher’s exact test, Φ from a χ2 test, and from a Mann–Whitney U test.
