The Many Facets of Sphingolipids in the Specific Phases of Acute Inflammatory Response

Figure 2

Activation, migration, and invasion of immune cells from the blood are influenced by several sphingolipids. (a) Initial adhesion step mediated by activation of immune cells by cytokines or chemokines and subsequent activation of integrins. (b) Activated integrins translocate into lipid rafts and bind to endothlial receptors like ICAM1. GluCer-enriched membranes are important for interaction with E-selectin. (c) Migration of immune cells is dependent on n-SMase and C1P.