The Role of Immunosenescence in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Figure 2

Immune activation in neurodegenerative diseases and healthy brain. The neurodegeneration is accompanied by immunosenescence and inflamm-aging. During aging, neuronal cells modify their morphology, and their overactivation leads to IL-6 and TNF-α abnormal production. The immune cells penetrate the damaged BBB and causes a further increase in proinflammatory cytokines, modulating, in turn, neuronal dysfunction.