NMR-Based Plasma Metabolomics at Set Intervals in Newborn Dairy Calves with Severe Sepsis
Table 1
Concentrations in μM (mean ± SD) of the metabolites assigned in plasma samples. Significantly different values from the comparisons are also reported.
Metabolites (μM)
Healthy animals ()
Diseased animals (hours)
value
0 ()
3rd ()
6th ()
24th ()
48th ()
72nd ()
Isoleucine
98.8 ± 28.3
147.8 ± 67
122.3 ± 57.4
98.5 ± 53
82.3 ± 36.4
111.5 ± 27.5
106.1 ± 36.5
=0.01 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h)
Valine
227.3 ± 76.2
434.7 ± 182.7
380.6 ± 157
323.6 ± 144.5
232.9 ± 80.6
304.6 ± 56.8
284.9 ± 100.1
<0.05 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 24 h) =0.005 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h)
Leucine
405.7 ± 111.2
851.5 ± 421.8
701 ± 355
586.4 ± 303.6
425 ± 145.3
538.9 ± 144.2
483.6 ± 137.9
=0.001 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h)
Alanine
236.9 ± 142.3
398.1 ± 154.2
341.8 ± 333.4
274.6 ± 191.6
226.2 ± 51.5
293 ± 123.2
242.2 ± 97
<0.05 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 3 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h)
3-Hydroxybutyric acid
61.4 ± 44.6
94.2 ± 38.9
129.8 ± 105
134 ± 146
84.4 ± 44.2
111.2 ± 118.2
124.7 ± 132
<0.05 (Ha versus 3 h)
Isobutyric acid
10.9 ± 3.7
27.1 ± 16.14
40 ± 17.8
41.2 ± 17.9
22.7 ± 8.5
21.6 ± 9.8
21.6 ± 10.6
<0.05 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.00001 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.00001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 72 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 3 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 72 h) <0.05 (6 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (6 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (6 h versus 72 h)
Acetic acid
54 ± 17
234.24 ± 536
110.31 ± 54.44
86.9 ± 30.87
116.7 ± 115.5
77.5 ± 62.3
67.6 ± 43.7
Acetone
6.7 ± 8.6
10 ± 9.6
14.6 ± 11.8
15.4 ± 14.6
15.4 ± 11.4
16.6 ± 25.5
26.3 ± 33.7
=0.05 (Ha versus 3 h) =0.05 (Ha versus 6 h) =0.05 (Ha versus 24 h) =0.05 (Ha versus 72 h)
Choline
68.5 ± 29.3
66.8 ± 29.5
47.5 ± 18.2
32 ± 13.5
29.6 ± 11.7
32.7 ± 12.3
33 ± 14.6
<0.001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 72 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 48 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 72 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 72 h)
Creatine
168.8 ± 74.5
702.9 ± 397
628.4 ± 431.3
533.5 ± 401.6
309 ± 144
336 ± 103.4
305 ± 146.3
<0.00001 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 48 h) =0.001 (0 h versus 72 h) <0.05 (6 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 72 h)
Phosphocreatine + creatinine
108 ± 30.8
399.3 ± 153.5
378.4 ± 226.8
333.2 ± 221
219 ± 111.2
219 ± 75.5
207.8 ± 95.7
<0.00001 (Ha versus 0 h) =0.00001 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 72 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (03 versus 72 h)
Formic acid
51 ± 17.8
27.3 ± 10.4
24.6 ± 9.3
24.7 ± 9.2
43.4 ± 16
44.5 ± 14.3
54.3 ± 22.3
<0.001 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 48 h) <0.001 (0 h versus 72 h) <0.001 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.001 (3 h versus 48 h) <0.001 (3 h versus 72 h) <0.001 (6 h versus 24 h) <0.001 (6 h versus 48 h) <0.001 (6 h versus 72 h)
D-Glucose
1400 ± 245.5
1811 ± 1196
1351 ± 709.5
1816 ± 1226.4
1697 ± 652
1783 ± 439
1714.4 ± 1423
Glycine
171.2 ± 76.1
223.8 ± 90.5
160.3 ± 137
142.2 ± 86
176.3 ± 68.2
198 ± 73.2
170 ± 77.25
<0.05 (0 h versus 3 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (6 h versus 48 h)
Phenylalanine
57.2 ± 16.7
112.2 ± 52.7
95.2 ± 50
77.6 ± 44.8
83 ± 66.5
71.3 ± 17.9
71.6 ± 21
<0.05 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 6 h)
Proline
108.7 ± 34.2
84 ± 38.8
92.8 ± 14.5
71.2 ± 21.3
43 ± 14.5
63.3 ± 32.2
48 ± 16.6
<0.05 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 72 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 3 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 6 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h)
Pyruvic acid
21.8 ± 16.7
49.6 ± 56
51.2 ± 21.3
56 ± 26.8
48.8 ± 22.6
42.4 ± 24.4
39.5 ± 24.3
<0.05 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 24 h)
Tyrosine
44.64 ± 23.9
53.39 ± 16.64
50.74 ± 27.90
41.22 ± 17.07
36.54 ± 14.87
35.89 ± 12.76
34.62 ± 14.93
Dimethyl sulfone
7.91 ± 1.94
15.06 ± 8.74
14.11 ± 9.1
13.19 ± 9.37
11.91 ± 6.63
11.15 ± 4.93
10.54 ± 4.87
Allantoin
71.8 ± 35.05
501.4 ± 238.9
423.4 ± 213
376.4 ± 200.2
256.8 ± 169.2
268.3 ± 155.8
238.7 ± 165.7
<0.00001 (Ha versus 0 h) <0.00001 (Ha versus 3 h) <0.001 (Ha versus 6 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 24 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 48 h) <0.05 (Ha versus 72 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 48 h) <0.05 (0 h versus 72 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 24 h) <0.05 (3 h versus 72 h)
