Neostigmine Attenuates Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Preoptic Area but Not Choroid Plexus during Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Systemic Inflammation

Table 3

Effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 400 ng/kg; iv.) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: donepezil (2.5 mg/animal; iv.) and neostigmine (0.5 mg/animal; iv.) injections on the relative gene expression (mean ± SEM; animals per group) of proinflammatory cytokines, their corresponding receptors, and neuronal acetylcholine receptor in the preoptic area of the ovine hypothalamus.

Gene	Preoptic area of the hypothalamus
	Control	Don.	Neo.	LPS	Don. + LPS	Neo. + LPS
IL-1β	1 ± 0.1^A	1.2 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	4.4 ± 0.4^C	3.2 ± 0.3^B	3.1 ± 0.2^B
IL1R1	1 ± 0.2^A	1 ± 0.2^A	1.1 ± 0.2^A	1.7 ± 0.2^B	1.4 ± 0.2^AB	1.4 ± 0.1^AB
IL1R2	1 ± 0.1^A	0.8 ± 0.1^A	1.1 ± 0.1^A	1.6 ± 0.2^B	1.8 ± 0.2^B	1.5 ± 0.1^B
IL1RN	1 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	2.7 ± 0.5^B	2.1 ± 0.2^B	2.3 ± 0.2^B
IL-6	1 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	1.1 ± 0.2^A	13.1 ± 0.1^C	4.7 ± 0.6^B	5.3 ± 0.3^B
IL6R	1 ± 0.1^A	0.8 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A
IL6ST	1 ± 0.1^A	0.9 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1.3 ± 0.1^B	1.3 ± 0.1^B	1.1 ± 0.1^A
TNF	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1.4 ± 0.1^B	1 ± 0.1^A	1.1 ± 0.1^A
TNFRSF1A	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.2^A	1 ± 0.2^A	1.2 ± 0.1^A	1.2 ± 0.1^A	1.1 ± 0.1^A
TNFRSF1B	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1.4 ± 0.1^B	1.2 ± 0.1^AB	1.2 ± 0.1^AB
CHRNA7	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1 ± 0.1^A	1.3 ± 0.1^B	1.2 ± 0.1^AB	1.2 ± 0.1^AB

IL-1β: interleukin-1β; IL1R1 and IL1R2: interleukin receptor types 1 and 2; IL1RN: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL6R: glycoprotein 130; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TNFRSF1A and B: tumor necrosis factor receptor types 1 and 2; CHRNA7: neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7. The gene expression data were normalised to the average relative level of gene expression in the control group of ewes, which was set to 1.0. Different capital letters indicate significant () differences according to a two-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s post hoc test.