Review Article
Chronic Inflammation as a Link between Periodontitis and Carcinogenesis
Figure 2
Host response mechanisms of cellular transformation induced by periodontal bacteria. Inhibition of apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and migration, metastasis, and proliferation are triggered through the activation of prooncogenic pathways by P. gingivalis (red arrows), T. denticola (purple arrows), F. nucleatum (yellow arrow), and P. gingivalis+F. nucleatum coinfection (orange arrows).