Research Article

Immunological Dynamics Associated with Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapies in Naive and Experimented HCV Chronic-Infected Patients

Figure 2

(a) Peripheral blood biomarkers in naive and experienced patients (before and after treatment). Frequency of circulating cell subsets (monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, NK cells, NKT cells, CD4+ T cells, TCD8+, and T reg) in patients with HCV (before and after treatment). (b) Serum chemokines (CXCL-8, CXCL-CCL-5, and CCL-2) and cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF, IFN-γ, and TNF) in patients with HCV (before and after treatment). Data are expressed as the for the percentage of cells for the subsets of circulating cells or serum concentration for chemokines and cytokines (MFI). Statistical analyses were performed by the Mann–Whitney test for comparisons between groups. Significant differences in between HCV (before or after treatment) and naive and experienced patients are represented by connecting lines. Differences between HCV subgroups (before or after treatment) compared to naive and experienced patients are highlighted by “”.
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