The Role of Angiogenesis Factors in the Formation of Vascular Changes in Scleroderma by Assessment of the Concentrations of VEGF and sVEGFR2 in Blood Serum and Tear Fluid

Figure 2

Panel of four images of hands (a, b) and eye fundus (c, d) of a patient, aged 61, diagnosed with systemic sclerosis seven years previously. Puffy fingers can be observed on both hands (a). Small scars from healed vascular ulcers within the second and third fingertips of the right hand at the edge of the nail (b). Color photo of the left eye fundus with ischemic retinopathy (c). Vasodilation of the optic disc (A), intraretinal petechiae (B), diffuse macular edema (C), and scars after laser therapy (D) may be noted. Results of fluorescein angiography of the left eye (d). A diffuse, poorly circumscribed and intensive hyperfluorescence of the whole posterior pole was observed in the recirculation phase; this was consistent with diffuse macular edema (A). Hypofluorescence foci (B) may be noted in the projection of extravasations and post-laser foci within temporal arcades (C).

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