Zataria multiflora and Pioglitazone Affect Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Inhaled Paraquat in Rats

Figure 3

Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (a) and nitrite (NO₂) (b) of control group (Ctrl), group exposed to paraquat aerosol at doses of 54 mg/m³ (PQ-54), and groups exposed to PQ-54 mg/m³ and treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg/day pioglitazone, 200 and 800 mg/kg/day Zataria multiflora, 0.03 mg/kg/day dexamethasone, and Zataria multiflora (Pio-5, Pio-10, Z-200, Z-800, Dexa 0.03, and , respectively). The results are expressed as the ( in each group). compared to the control group. ⁺, ⁺⁺, and ⁺⁺⁺ compared to the PQ group; ^#, ^##, and ^### compared to treatment with other treated groups; ^$ and ^$$ compared to low dose of Zataria multiflora and pioglitazone groups; ^¥¥¥ compared to the group. Comparisons between different groups were made using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test.

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