Preliminary Report: Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid Increased Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro by Monocyte Differentiation Pathway Regulating Cytokines

Figure 1

Clinical changes seen in RA and OA patient knees. Panel (a) shows the progression of erosive arthritis due to RA in a knee of female patient during 2017 to 2021 and intraoperative picture during a knee prosthesis operation demonstrates synovial inflammation and hypertrophy (a) along with cartilage (b) and bone damage (c) associated with synovial hypervascularity and oedema. The medial tibial plateau (arrows) is heavily eroded during the follow-up time period. Panel (b) shows X-ray and MRI images of a young female’s knees. At the age of 27, only some early OA changes are seen. The magnetic resonance images ten years later show progression of OA, with large subchondral bone loss and a cyst in the proximal tibia as an indication of increased bone degradation.

(a)

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