Prediction of Muscle Fatigue during Minimally Invasive Surgery Using Recurrence Quantification Analysis

Figure 4

%DET value for all the muscle groups of surgeon 1, case 3. The vertical axis is Determinism % and the horizontal axis is time (min). (a) left bicep, (b) right bicep, (c) left triceps, (d) right triceps, (e) left deltoid, (f) right deltoid, (g) left trapezius, and (h) right trapezius.

(a) Left bicep

(b) Right bicep

(c) Left triceps

(d) Right triceps

(e) Left deltoid

(f) Right deltoid

(g) Left trapezius

(h) Right trapezius