A Low-Cost Vehicle Anti-Theft System Using Obsolete Smartphone

Table 2

Accuracy of different localization methods.

Scheme	Mean (m)	STD (m)
Cellular + DR	72.4	55.9
Cellular + HMM	41.7	31.2
Cellular + VA-DR	46.8	37.6
GPS + VA-DR	14.7	28.4