Efficient Certificateless Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme in VANETs

Table 1

Notations.

Symbol	Description
	The vehicle
RSU	A roadside unit
OBU	A onboard unit
KGC	A key generation center
TRA	A trace authority
	Two large prime numbers
	The finite field over p
	An additive group with the order q on the elliptic curve E over
P	A generator of
	The ’s real identity
	The ’s pseudo identity
	Four one-way hash functions,
	The KGC’s public key and private key
	The TRA’s public key and private key
	The ’s public key and secret value
	The ’s partial private key
	The exclusive OR operation
	The current timestamp
	The valid period of the pseudo identity