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Mathematical Problems in Engineering
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2012
/
Article
/
Tab 1
/
Research Article
Dynamic Economic Dispatch Using Hybrid DE-SQP for Generating Units with Valve-Point Effects
Table 1
Hourly generation (MW) schedule of 5-unit system with losses (MW) using DE-SQP.
Hour
𝑃
1
𝑃
2
𝑃
3
𝑃
4
𝑃
5
Loss
1
2
1
.
6
8
4
5
9
9
.
3
6
9
3
1
1
3
.
2
1
9
1
4
0
.
0
0
4
7
1
3
9
.
3
5
7
1
3
.
6
3
4
8
2
1
0
.
0
0
0
1
9
8
.
4
0
9
1
1
1
2
.
8
2
9
6
7
8
.
0
0
9
2
1
3
9
.
7
7
4
6
4
.
0
2
2
5
3
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
9
3
.
0
1
0
2
1
1
2
.
6
3
7
6
1
2
4
.
5
9
8
3
1
3
9
.
5
0
8
5
4
.
7
5
4
7
4
1
0
.
0
2
0
8
9
8
.
9
3
9
4
1
1
2
.
7
7
3
9
1
7
4
.
5
8
2
1
1
3
9
.
6
9
8
0
6
.
0
1
4
1
5
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
9
4
.
6
5
0
3
1
1
1
.
1
8
2
4
2
0
9
.
3
3
7
6
1
3
9
.
5
9
4
4
6
.
7
6
4
7
6
3
9
.
9
3
2
3
9
8
.
7
2
5
0
1
1
2
.
7
8
2
9
2
1
0
.
1
5
1
2
1
5
4
.
2
9
9
1
7
.
8
9
0
6
7
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
9
8
.
0
6
3
1
1
1
2
.
7
4
3
4
2
0
9
.
7
0
1
1
2
0
3
.
9
6
5
4
8
.
4
7
2
9
8
1
2
.
5
5
2
2
9
8
.
9
6
6
3
1
1
2
.
9
8
2
9
2
0
9
.
5
9
3
3
2
2
9
.
1
6
1
9
9
.
2
5
6
7
9
4
2
.
5
5
2
2
1
0
1
.
9
2
8
6
1
1
4
.
7
3
8
9
2
1
0
.
6
8
1
7
2
3
0
.
2
8
2
9
1
0
.
1
8
4
3
1
0
6
4
.
8
3
4
7
9
8
.
4
3
2
2
1
1
2
.
3
7
6
7
2
0
9
.
6
7
5
3
2
2
9
.
2
4
0
1
1
0
.
5
5
9
1
1
1
7
5
.
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.
3
2
1
5
1
1
4
.
8
4
7
1
2
1
1
.
1
0
0
4
2
2
9
.
7
5
9
1
1
1
.
0
2
8
3
1
2
7
5
.
0
0
0
0
9
8
.
9
1
1
1
1
1
2
.
9
5
8
2
2
3
4
.
6
8
5
7
2
3
0
.
1
6
8
5
1
1
.
7
2
3
5
1
3
6
4
.
2
2
0
3
9
7
.
9
7
0
4
1
1
2
.
5
1
0
1
2
1
0
.
1
3
5
1
2
2
9
.
7
2
4
2
1
0
.
5
6
0
2
1
4
5
0
.
0
3
8
1
9
8
.
4
5
1
1
1
1
2
.
5
4
9
9
2
0
9
.
7
7
4
2
2
2
9
.
3
5
4
2
1
0
.
1
6
7
5
1
5
3
5
.
4
1
6
2
9
8
.
8
2
7
8
1
1
2
.
6
2
8
2
1
8
6
.
4
4
1
0
2
2
9
.
8
1
4
3
9
.
1
2
7
7
1
6
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
9
8
.
4
7
8
2
1
1
2
.
6
9
8
6
1
3
6
.
4
4
1
0
2
2
9
.
6
1
5
3
7
.
2
3
3
2
1
7
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
8
8
.
2
9
5
1
1
1
2
.
6
2
0
0
1
2
4
.
6
0
7
4
2
2
9
.
1
6
0
9
6
.
6
8
3
3
1
8
3
5
.
3
5
5
3
9
8
.
7
1
1
9
1
1
2
.
7
6
9
1
1
3
9
.
3
7
7
2
2
2
9
.
6
4
9
7
7
.
8
6
3
3
1
9
3
3
.
6
6
6
8
9
8
.
5
4
9
3
1
1
1
.
9
7
9
4
1
8
9
.
3
7
7
2
2
2
9
.
5
6
6
8
9
.
1
3
9
6
2
0
6
3
.
6
6
6
8
9
8
.
5
9
9
0
1
1
2
.
5
8
9
0
2
1
0
.
0
3
0
3
2
2
9
.
6
7
6
2
1
0
.
5
6
1
2
2
1
3
9
.
2
8
4
6
9
8
.
5
9
6
6
1
1
2
.
7
1
2
0
2
0
9
.
8
7
4
8
2
2
9
.
4
3
3
6
9
.
9
0
1
7
2
2
1
0
.
0
4
3
7
9
8
.
6
5
3
8
1
1
2
.
9
9
7
0
1
6
1
.
5
6
8
0
2
2
9
.
6
0
6
6
7
.
8
6
9
2
2
3
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
9
8
.
8
7
5
4
1
1
2
.
6
1
4
8
1
2
4
.
7
2
9
3
1
8
6
.
6
8
7
2
5
.
9
0
6
7
2
4
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
8
1
.
0
1
0
9
1
1
2
.
1
1
8
1
1
2
4
.
8
4
9
0
1
3
9
.
5
1
1
8
4
.
4
8
9
9
