A Nonlinear Optimization Technique of Tunnel Construction Based on DE and LSSVM

<table class="table-group" width="800px"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><img alt="980154.fig.008a" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/980154/figures/980154.fig.008a.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(a) </b>The original scheme</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><img alt="980154.fig.008b" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/980154/figures/980154.fig.008b.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(b) </b>The optimized scheme </td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<table>The Z-displacement contour comparison between original and optimized schemes. </table>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: A Nonlinear Optimization Technique of Tunnel Construction Based on DE and LSSVM 