Heuristics for Routing Heterogeneous Unmanned Vehicles with Fuel Constraints

Table 2

Influence of 4 neighborhoods sequences on improving quality.

Scheme	Construction heuristic	𝑁1	𝑁2	𝑁3	𝑁4	Average improvement (%)	Average computation time (sec)
VND	APD	2-opt	Relocate	3-opt	Depot	33.92	78.04881
VND	APD	2-opt	Relocate	Depot	3-opt	33.79	77.33881
VND	APD	2-opt	3-opt	Relocate	Depot	33.76	197.7543
VNS	APD	Relocate	2-opt	3-opt	Depot	27.52	70.8876
VNS	APD	Relocate	2-opt	Depot	3-opt	27.39	75.12725
VNS	APD	Relocate	Depot	2-opt	3-opt	26.99	75.44715
VND	Voronoi	Depot	Relocate	3-opt	2-opt	38.08	310.7845
VND	Voronoi	Relocate	3-opt	Depot	2-opt	37.94	304.7469
VND	Voronoi	Depot	Relocate	2-opt	3-opt	36.85	203.9593
VNS	Voronoi	Relocate	Depot	2-opt	3-opt	42.22	221.0236
VNS	Voronoi	Relocate	Depot	3-opt	2-opt	38.23	741.5726
VNS	Voronoi	Depot	Relocate	3-opt	2-opt	37.52	799.8579