Hierarchical MPC Secondary Control for Electric Power System

Table 2

Accumulated squared frequency variation for secondary control.

Secondary control	Generators with secondary control				Generators without secondary control
	Gen. 10; *10^−4	Gen. 3; *10^−4	Gen. 4; *10^−4	Gen. 8; *10^−4	Gen. 1; *10^−4	Gen. 2; *10^−4	Gen. 5; *10^−4	Gen. 6; *10^−4	Gen. 7; *10^−4	Gen. 9; *10^−4
Traditional	0.905	0.597	0.648	0.605	0.705	0.417	0.315	0.553	0.788	0.970
MPC	0.886	0.583	0.604	0.591	0.700	0.414	0.314	0.551	0.786	0.939