Computational Analysis of Propulsion Performance of Modified Pitching Motion Airfoils in Laminar Flow

Figure 14

Vorticity fields during the upstroke at 𝑡/𝑇=0.25–0.75 for NACA0006, NACA0018, and NACA0030 airfoils at 𝑅=𝑐, 𝜃=10°, and 𝑘=3.