Damage Identification of Bridge Based on Modal Flexibility and Neural Network Improved by Particle Swarm Optimization

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Expected outputs (%)</td><td align="center">Identification results (%)</td><td align="center">Relative errors (%)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">7, 7</td><td align="center">6.57, 7.35</td><td align="center">6.14, 5.00</td></tr><tr><td align="left">12, 12</td><td align="center">11.38, 12.68</td><td align="center">5.17, 5.67</td></tr><tr><td align="left">18, 18</td><td align="center">19.12, 18.95</td><td align="center">6.22, 5.28</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="3"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Damage severity identification results for testing samples of elements 5 and 8.

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: Damage Identification of Bridge Based on Modal Flexibility and Neural Network Improved by Particle Swarm Optimization 