A Novel Adaptive Elite-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Applied to VAR Optimization in Electric Power Systems

Table 3

Performance of different methods used to minimize 𝑓₂ based on 10 simulation results (convergence tolerance = 0.001).

		Proposed method	PSO	CPSO	DE	GA
Shortest time	𝑓2	9.99𝑒−04	9.99𝑒−04	—	9.73𝑒−04	—
	Iterations	6543	6931	—	1167	—
	Time (s)	0.6641	0.3037	—	0.7361	—
Mean	𝑓2	9.97𝑒−04	9.99𝑒−04	—	9.13𝑒−04	—
	Iterations	7681.3	8532.3	—	1274.7	—
	Time (s)	0.7787	0.4415	—	1.0411	—
Longest time	𝑓2	9.99𝑒−04	9.98𝑒−04	—	8.68𝑒−04	—
	Iterations	8759	9099	—	1680	—
	Time (s)	0.8879	0.6239	—	1.4807	—